Standard library / primitives

SQL, Mongo & Redis

All databases open with db_open and are gated by require db(scope). Three families: SQL (SQLite/Postgres/MySQL), documents (MongoDB, mongo_), key-value (Redis, redis_). All drivers are pure-Rust (single static binary).

sql.syn

-- Doc example: SQL over SQLite in-memory (real, no server). Same API for Postgres/MySQL.
intent: "doc example: SQL"
require db(":memory:")

db_open(":memory:", "memory")
sql_exec("CREATE TABLE demo (n TEXT)")
sql_exec("INSERT INTO demo VALUES (?)", ["it works"])
print("sql demo → " + (sql("SELECT n FROM demo")[0])["n"])
db_close()

test "create, parameterized insert, query"
    db_open(":memory:", "memory")
    sql_exec("CREATE TABLE items (name TEXT, price REAL)")
    sql_exec("INSERT INTO items VALUES (?, ?)", ["Laptop", 999])
    sql_exec("INSERT INTO items VALUES (?, ?)", ["Mouse", 25])
    let rows be sql("SELECT name, price FROM items WHERE price > ? ORDER BY price DESC", [50])
    assert_eq(length(rows), 1)
    assert_eq(name of (rows[0]), "Laptop")
    db_close()

SQL (SQLite / Postgres / MySQL)§

require db("./store.db")
db_open("./store.db")                 -- file → SQLite. ":memory:" with mode "memory". postgres:// / mysql://
sql_exec("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES (?)", ["Ada"])   -- parameterized (safe)
let rows be sql("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?", [1])
give paged("SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY id")              -- pagination for a route handler

Placeholders are always ? (Postgres rewrites to $n internally; MySQL uses ? natively). bytes columns round-trip to BLOB/BYTEA byte-exactly.

MongoDB (documents)§

require db("mongodb://localhost/appdb")
db_open("mongodb://host:27017/appdb")
let id be mongo_insert("users", {"name": "Ana", "age": 30})
let adults be mongo_find("users", {"age": {"$gte": 18}}, {"sort": {"age": -1}})

All of them: mongo_find(coll, filter?, opts?) (opts {limit, skip, sort: {f: 1/-1}, fields: {f: 1}}), mongo_find_one(coll, filter?) → doc or nothing, mongo_insert(coll, doc) → _id, mongo_insert_many(coll, docs) → ids, mongo_update(coll, filter, update) → {matched, modified} (update uses operators, {"$set": …}), mongo_delete(coll, filter) → {deleted}, mongo_count(coll, filter?), mongo_aggregate(coll, pipeline), mongo_collections(). Documents/filters are maps ↔ BSON; _id reads as hex text and a 24-hex string under _id in a filter is coerced to an ObjectId.

Redis (key-value / cache / structures)§

require db("redis://localhost")
db_open("redis://localhost:6379")
redis_set("session:42", token, 3600)             -- with TTL
let v be redis_get("session:42")
redis_set("cfg", json_encode({"theme": "dark"})) -- structured data is explicit

Values are byte-strings (text if UTF-8, else bytes; integers → number); arguments accept text/bytes/number (anything else: json_encode it). All of them:

strings / keys: redis_get(key) → value or nothing, redis_set(key, val, ttl_secs?), redis_del(key…), redis_exists(key…), redis_mget(keys), redis_mset(map), redis_keys(pattern) (O(N)), redis_type(key).
counters: redis_incr, redis_decr, redis_incrby(key, n) (atomic).
TTL: redis_expire(key, secs), redis_ttl(key) (-1 no TTL, -2 absent), redis_persist(key).
hashes: redis_hget(key, field), redis_hset(key, map) → new fields, redis_hdel(key, field…), redis_hgetall(key) → map, redis_hincrby(key, field, n).
lists: redis_lpush/redis_rpush(key, val…) → length, redis_lpop/redis_rpop(key), redis_lrange(key, start, stop), redis_llen(key).
sets: redis_sadd/redis_srem(key, member…), redis_smembers(key), redis_sismember(key, member).
distributed lock: redis_lock(key, ttl_ms?) → token or nothing if held (SET NX PX, default 30000 ms), redis_unlock(key, token) → bool (atomic, only the token holder frees it).

db_close(path?) closes a connection of any family.

Redis db-index gotcha: redis://host:6379 → scope redis://host (no /0); …/0 is a different scope.